Chapter 3-Form and Space

The Unity of Opposites
A figure can be viewed, and perceived in its most basic form. However, even the most basic perception of a form requires the partnership of the figures background. Which, is not an opposing element in this perception but rather and essential partner creating the unity of opposites.

This image is a wonderful example of the unity of opposites as we see the positive elements only in their true form with the assistance of the background. In order to clearly read this plan view, the background surrounds the positive elements allowing us to perceive the form correctly.

Defining Space with Vertical Linear Elements-Overhead Plane

Planes exist all around us. There are several types of planes, base plane, elevated base plane, depressed base plane, and overhead plane. A horizontal plane comes into reality when it has texture, or color. When it comes into the third dimension the surrounding space is influenced by the form and becomes a defined space in its own configuration. 

This image below is a great example of an overhead plane. The overhead horizontal plane extends form one vertical column to the other to create the space. The space that is defined by the overhead plane is both between itself and the ground plane. 

Defining Space with Vertical Linear Elements-Parallel Planes

Vertical forms play an integral role in the creation of architectural form and space. Vertical forms provide support for the structure, and they can create the boundaries for the space. Vertical forms also provide protection and give us a sense of enclosure and security. 

This image is a great example of Parallel Planes. These very large columns serve to define the space and support the structure of the building. When these vertical forms are placed in this order they provide a certain amount of visual continuity through the space. 

Qualities of Architectural Space-View

The elements that effect the quality of architectural space include degree of enclosure, light, and view. Each of these is an important factor of the space, contributing its own influence to the space. The degree of enclosure dictates a certain feeling of the space, while the light can penetrate a space revealing the truth of its path along the way. The view is also an important element to the quality of space, by dictating the outlook. 

This image represents view well in that the orientation of the structure and space is directly influenced by the natural space around it. By creating this view, with the openings in the space, it alters the feeling of the space in a big way. Our outlook changes with our perception of the exterior, in turn altering our perception of the interior. 

Openings in Space-Defining Elements-Within Planes

Openings are key to a spaces visual continuity and overall feeling and function. They can create the feeling of movement for us, or a sense of ease at knowing, seeing, or feeling. Openings in space can come within planes, at corners, and between planes. 

The openings within the planes in this space add a great deal to the feeling of this room. We are given a great sense of visual continuity within the openings in the ceiling plane created by the series of skylights. Furthermore, the windows create a great horizontal series of openings that allow us to extend our vision beyond the space.